Гэрлийг "хатуу биет" болгон хувиргажээ

ДЭЛХИЙН МЭДЭЭ | ШИНЖЛЭХ УХААН
Жаргал.Д
Jargal.d@montsame.mn
2025-03-11 15:23:44

РОМ, 2025 оны гуравдугаар сарын 11 /NewScientist/. Италийн Үндэсний судалгааны зөвлөлийн эрдэмтэд гэрлийг наалдамхай чанаргүй, өөрөөр хэлбэл бусад материалын гадаргуутай ямар ч үрэлт үүсгэдэггүй кристаллтай төстэй бодис буюу хэт нягтралтай хатуу биет болгон хувиргажээ. Тус багийн судалгаа “Nature” сэтгүүлд нийтлэгдсэн байна. 


Ийм материалыг өмнө нь зөвхөн маш бага температурт хөргөсөн атомуудыг квантын эффектүүд илэрч, ажиглагддаг температурт хөргөх аргаар л гаргаж авч чаддаг байжээ. 


Энэхүү туршилт нь хэт хүйтэн атомуудын оронд хөнгөн цагаан галлийн арсенидын хагас дамжуулагчийг ашигласнаараа өмнөх туршилтуудаас ялгаатай байв. Эрдэмтэд хагас дамжуулагчийн тусгай хэлбэртэй хэсгийг авч, түүн рүү лазер тусгажээ. Гэрэл ба хагас дамжуулагч хоорондоо харилцан үйлчлэлд орох үед рolariton гэж нэрлэдэг нийлмэл хагас бөөмсүүд үүссэн байна. Хагас дамжуулагчийн тусгай бүтэц нь нийлмэл хагас бөөмсүүдийн хөдөлгөөнийг хязгаарлаж, улмаар хагас бөөмсүүдийг хэт хатуу төлөвт нэгтгэжээ.


Үүссэн биет нь наалдамхай зуурамтгай чанаргүй хатуу ба шингэн төлөвийн аль алиных нь шинж чанарыг үнэхээр агуулсан гэдгийг батлахын тулд уг биетийг нарийвчлан хэмжжээ.


Гэхдээ эрдэмтдийн өмнө маш их ажил байгааг онцолжээ. Материалын шинж чанарыг бүрэн тогтоохын тулд олон тооны хэмжилт хийх хэрэгтэй. Ингэснээр ирээдүйд "олон шинэ, гайхмаар төрлийн материйг ойлгох" боломжтой болно.


Шинэ туршилт нь мөн шилжилтийн үед квант бодис төлөв байдлаа хэрхэн өөрчилдөг талаар ерөнхий ойлголттой болоход тус дөхөм болно гэж эрдэмтэд үзэж байгаа ажээ. 


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